Anaphylaxis : Anaphylaxis is a serious allergic reaction that is rapid in onset and may cause death. It typically causes a number of symptoms including an itchy rash, throat swelling, and low blood pressure. Common causes include insect bites/stings, foods, and medications.
Anaphylactic shock requires proper treatment of laryngeal oedema, bronchospasm, and hypotension. Atopic individuals are particularly susceptible.
Insect stings are a recognised risk especially in case bee stings.
Certain foods, including eggs, fish, cow's milk protein, peanuts, and tree nuts may also precipitate anaphylaxis.
Medicinal products particularly associated with anaphylaxis include blood products, vaccines, hyposensitising (allergen) preparations, antibacterials, aspirin and other NSAIDs, heparin, and neuromuscular blocking drugs. In the case of drugs, anaphylaxis is more likely after parenteral administration
Drugs used in first line treatment – Adrenaline (I/M injection), Chlorpheniramine
For further treatment – Aminophylline, Salbutamol and Terbutaline
Steroids – Hydrocortisone
First-line treatment - Adrenaline as intramuscular injection, chlorphenamine (chlorphenir
Angioedema : Angioedema is dangerous if laryngeal oedema is present. In this circumstance adrenaline (epinephrine) injection and oxygen should be given as described under Anaphylaxis. antihistamines and corticosteroids should also be given. Tracheal intubation may be necessary.