Endometriosis : Endometriosis is the abnormal growth of cells (endometrial cells) similar to those that form the inside or lining the tissue of the uterus, but in a location outside of the uterus. Endometrial cells are cells that are shed each month during menstruation. The cells of endometriosis attach themselves to tissue outside the uterus and are called endometriosis implants. These implants are most commonly found on the ovaries, the Fallopian tubes, outer surfaces of the uterus or intestines, and on the surface lining of the pelvic cavity. They can also be found in the vagina, cervix, and bladder, although less commonly than other locations in the pelvis. Rarely, endometriosis implants can occur outside the pelvis, on the liver, in old surgery scars, and even in or around the lung or brain. Endometrial implants, while they can cause problems, are benign (not cancerous).
TREATMENT AND MEDICATION
Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or NSAIDs (such as ibuprofen or naproxensodium) are commonly prescribed to help relieve pelvic pain and menstrual cramping. NSAIDs are commonly used, such as naproxen or ibuprofen, are commonly used.
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs (GnRH analogs)
Gonadotropin-releasing hormone analogs (GnRH analogs) have been effectively used to relieve pain and reduce the size of endometriosis implants.
Oral contraceptive pills
Oral contraceptive pills (estrogen and progesterone in combination) are also sometimes used to treat endometriosis. The most common combination used is in the form of the oral contraceptive pill (OCP).
Progestins
Progestins [for example, medroxyprogesterone acetate, norethindrone acetate, norgestrel acetate ] are more potent than birth control pills and are recommended for women who do not obtain pain relief from or cannot take a birth control pill.
Other drugs used to treat endometriosis
Danazol
Danazol is a synthetic drug that creates a high androgen (male type hormone) and low estrogen hormonal environment by interfering with ovulation and ovarian production of estrogen.,
Aromatase inhibitors
A newer approach to the treatment of endometriosis has involved the administration of drugs known as aromatase inhibitors (for example,anastrozole and letrozole ).