Alzheimer's disease : Alzheimer's disease is a neurological disorder in which the death of brain cells causes memory loss and cognitive decline. A neurodegenerative type of dementia, the disease starts mild and gets progressively worse. And it is the most common form of dementia. There is no cure for the disease, which worsens as it progresses, and eventually leads to death. Drugs has too little role in the management of Alzheimer’s disease No medication has been clearly shown to delay or halt the progression of the disease.
Drugs used are
• Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors – Donepezil, Galantamine, Rivastigmine
• NMDA-receptor (N-Methyl-D-aspartate receptor) antagonist -Memantine
Dementia : Dementia is a serious loss of global cognitive ability in a previously unimpaired person, beyond what might be expected from normal aging.
Cholinesterase inhibitors (donepezil)are often used early in the disease course; however, benefit is slight. Cognitive and behavioral interventions may also be appropriate. Educating and providing emotional support to the caregiver is of importance as well elderly care. Exercise programs are beneficial with respect to activities of daily living and potentially improve
Dyslexia : Dyslexia, or developmental reading disorderis characterized by difficulty with learning to read fluently and with accurate comprehension despite normal intelligence.
Through compensation strategies and therapy, dyslexic individuals can learn to read and write with educational support.
Down syndrome : Down syndrome (DS) or Down's syndrome, also known as trisomy 21, is a genetic disorder caused by the presence of all or part of a third copy of chromosome 21
Efforts such as early childhood intervention, screening for common problems, medical treatment where indicated, a good family environment, and work related training can improve the development of children with Down syndrome. Education and proper care can improve quality of life