Glaucoma : Glaucoma is a term describing a group of ocular disorders with multi-factorial etiology united by a clinically characteristic intraocular pressure-associated optic neuropathy.
Treatment
1Balance and postural control
2Medications
• Prostaglandin analogs, latanoprost ,bimatoprost and travoprost .
• Topical beta-adrenergic receptor antagonists, such as timolol, levobunolol and betaxolol.
• Alpha2-adrenergic agonists, such as brimonidine and apraclonidine.
• Less-selective alpha agonists, such as epinephrine.
• Miotic agents (parasympathomimetics), such as pilocarpine.Echothiophate, an acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, is used in chronic glaucoma.
• Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, such as dorzolamide , brinzolamide ,and acetazolamide .
• Physostigmine
Ocular Hypertension : Ocular hypertension is an increase in the pressure in your eyes that is above the range considered normal with no detectable changes in vision or damage to the structure of your eyes. The term is used to distinguish people with elevated pressure from those with glaucoma, a serious eye disease that causes damage to the optic nerve and vision loss. Ocular hypertension can occur in people of all ages, but it occurs more frequently in African Americans, those over age 40 and those with family histories of ocular hypertension and/or glaucoma. It is also more common in those who are very nearsighted or who have diabetes. In the healthy eye, a clear fluid called aqueous humor circulates inside the front portion of your eye. To maintain a constant healthy eye pressure, your eye continually produces a small amount of aqueous humor while an equal amount of this fluid flows out of your eye. Ocular hypertension usually does not have any signs or symptoms. There is no cure for ocular hypertension, however, careful monitoring and treatment, when indicated, can decrease the risk of damage to your eyes.