SYMBAL 40mg
Duloxetine
Torrent Pharmaceuticals Ltd
Itis available as a capsule taken orally. It is usually taken once or twice a day with or without food.
Store at 25°C. Store it in air tight container and keep away from children.
Hypersensitivity Uncontrolled narrow-angle glaucoma. Concomitant use or within 2 wk of MAOIs Renal and hepatic impairment.
Depression : Depression is a state of low mood and aversion to activity that can affect a person's thoughts, behavior, feelings and sense of well-being In general the type of treatment includepsychotherapy and/or antidepressants, alternative therapies, or active intervention. The most important classes of antidepressants are the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs), serotonin–norepinephrine reuptake inhibitors (SNRIs), tricyclic antidepressants (TCAs) and monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs). Other drugs used or proposed for the treatment of depression include buprenorphine,tryptophan,low-dose antipsychotics,and St John's wort. Anxiety Disorder : DEFINITION Anxiety can be described as an uncomfortable feeling of vague fear or apprehension accompanied by characteristic physical sensations. It is a normal and often beneficial response to situations that humans perceive as threatening, frightful, or otherwise disturbing. PATHOPHYSIOLOGY A neurocircuit arising from the output pathways of the central nucleus of the amygdala is thought to mediate fear and anxiety responses in humans.Dysregulated or exaggerated output through various amygdala-related circuits may be a common element underlying the different anxiety disorders, but the specific type of dysfunction probably differs among the various disorders. Several neurotransmitter systems have been linked to the neurobiology of anxiety: the inhibitory amino acid, ?-aminobutyric acid (GABA); the monoamine neurotransmitters, serotonin and norepinephrine; the excitatory amino acid, glutamate; and the neuropeptides, cholecystokinin (CCK), corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF), neuropeptide Y (NPY), and substance P.2,3 Much of the evidence for these biologic processes has come from research on drugs that are used either to treat anxiety or to induce anxiety. Discovery of the anxiolytic effects of benzodiazepines in the early 1960s marked the beginning of this era of research. However, the anxiety-reducing properties of alcohol and barbiturates were recognized long before that time.
Increased risk of hepatic toxicity in patients with substantial alcohol use. Increased risk of serotonin syndrome when used with 5HT1 receptor agonists, MAOIs, lithium, tramadol or St John's wort. Avoid concurrent use with drugs that inhibit hepatic enzymes CYP1A2 and CYP2D6. Anticoagulants: May increase bleeding risk. Drugsthat reduce gastric acidity: May cause premature breakdown of duloxetin's protective coating and erly release of the drugs.
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It is any effect of a drug, chemical, or other medicine that is in addition to its intended effect, especially an effect that is harmful or unpleasant.